Adnexal torsion -- a multimodality imaging review.

Area of Science:

• Gynecologic Imaging
• Emergency Radiology
• Ovarian Pathology

Background:

• Adnexal torsion is a critical gynecologic condition necessitating rapid intervention to prevent ovarian damage.
• Patients often present with vague symptoms, making adnexal torsion a challenging diagnosis.
• Radiological imaging plays a crucial role in identifying this surgical emergency.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the diverse imaging manifestations of adnexal torsion across multiple modalities.
• To enhance diagnostic confidence in recognizing adnexal torsion through characteristic imaging findings.
• To correlate imaging features with potential surgical outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Review of imaging findings from ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with adnexal torsion.
• Illustration of characteristic and atypical imaging features associated with ovarian torsion.
• Correlation of imaging findings with clinical presentation and surgical outcomes.

Main Results:

• Ultrasound is the primary imaging modality, but CT and MRI are frequently utilized for confirmation or initial assessment.
• Adnexal torsion presents with a spectrum of imaging features, including ovarian enlargement, edema, and altered vascularity.
• Specific imaging signs can lead to a confident diagnosis, guiding timely surgical management.

Conclusions:

• Recognizing the varied imaging features of adnexal torsion is essential for prompt diagnosis and treatment.
• Multimodality imaging review aids in overcoming diagnostic challenges posed by non-specific symptoms.
• Accurate radiological diagnosis of adnexal torsion can significantly improve patient outcomes by enabling timely surgical intervention.