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Related Concept Videos

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at the...
Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes01:19

Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes

Reference electrodes serve as a stable reference point for potentiometric measurements, while indicator and working electrodes react to variations in the composition of a solution.
The Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is a widely used reference electrode that maintains zero potential across all temperatures. However, its need for a continuous hydrogen gas supply renders it impractical for everyday use.
An alternative to SHE is the Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE). This electrode features an...
Types of Reversible Electrodes01:24

Types of Reversible Electrodes

For electrode reversibility to be maintained, all the reactants and products involved in the half-reaction must be present at the electrode. There are several types of reversible electrodes (half-cells).In metal-metal-ion electrodes, a metal balances electrochemically with a solution of its own ions. Examples are Cu2+|Cu and Zn2+|Zn. Metals that react with the solvent, like group 1 and most group 2 metals, which react with water, and zinc, which reacts with aqueous acidic solutions, cannot be...
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Development and Functionalization of Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistor for Biomarker Detection
07:51

Development and Functionalization of Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistor for Biomarker Detection

Published on: February 1, 2022

All-solid-state potassium-selective electrode using graphene as the solid contact.

Fenghua Li1, Junjin Ye, Min Zhou

  • 1Engineering Laboratory for Modern Analytical Techniques, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, PR China.

The Analyst
|December 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Graphene sheets enable a novel solid-contact ion-selective electrode (SC-ISE). This new transducer layer offers stable signals and rapid response times for potassium ion detection.

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Multi-analyte Biochip (MAB) Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes (ASSISE) for Physiological Research
08:03

Multi-analyte Biochip (MAB) Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes (ASSISE) for Physiological Research

Published on: April 18, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) are crucial for electrochemical sensing.
  • Developing new transducer materials is key to improving SC-ISE performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate graphene as a novel transducer material for SC-ISEs.
  • To fabricate and characterize a new SC-ISE utilizing graphene as an intermediate layer.

Main Methods:

  • Graphene sheets were used to create the transducer layer in SC-ISEs.
  • Characterization involved electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
  • Performance was evaluated using potentiometric and chronopotentiometric techniques.

Main Results:

  • The graphene-based SC-ISE exhibited a near-Nernstian slope (59.2 mV/decade) over a wide activity range (10(-4.5) to 0.1 M).
  • High capacitance of graphene resulted in stable signals for over a week.
  • A rapid response time of less than 10 seconds was observed for activities > 10(-5) M.

Conclusions:

  • Graphene is a promising material for transducer layers in SC-ISEs.
  • The developed graphene-based SC-ISE demonstrates excellent stability and fast response.
  • This advancement holds potential for improved ion-selective electrode technology.