Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 26, 2026
Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
Published on: September 8, 2023
Characteristics of anatomical landmarks in the mandibular interforaminal region: a cone-beam computed tomography
Fereidoun Parnia1, Elnaz Moslehifard, Ali Hafezeqoran
1Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Objectives:
This study was conducted to assess appearance, visibility, location and course of anatomical landmarks in mandibular interforaminal region using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Study Design:
A total of 96 CBCT examinations was re-evaluated to exploit anatomical landmarks. The examinations used the Promax 3D CBCT unit. A sole examiner carried out all the measurements. Visibilities of the anatomical landmarks were scored using a four-point rating scale.
Results:
The mandibular foramen, anterior loop, incisive canal and lingual foramen were observed in 100, 84, 83, 49% of the images, respectively. The mean size, diameter and width of anterior loop, incisive canal and lingual foramen were obtained 3.54 ± 1.41, 1.47 ± 0.50 and 0.8 ± 0.09 mm, respectively.
Conclusion:
It is not safe to recommend any definite distance mesially from the mental foramen. The diameter of the canals and foramens should be determined on a case-by-case basis to exploit the appropriate location for each individual.
