A comparative study of root defect coverage using an acellular dermal matrix with and without a recombinant human
Christopher M Carney1, Jeffrey A Rossmann, David G Kerns
1Department of Periodontics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.
Journal of Periodontology
|December 14, 2011
Summary
Adding recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF) to acellular dermal matrix (ADM) did not significantly improve root defect coverage or healing compared to ADM alone for gingival recession. Both treatments showed comparable results in this case series.
Area of Science:
- Periodontology
- Regenerative Dentistry
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Gingival recession defects pose a significant clinical challenge.
- Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is a common material for root coverage procedures.
- The role of growth factors in enhancing ADM efficacy requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) with and without recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF) for root defect coverage.
- To evaluate and compare the clinical healing responses in bilateral gingival recession defects treated with ADM and rhPDGF versus ADM alone.
- To assess root defect coverage, keratinized tissue, and clinical attachment level in treated sites.
Main Methods:
- A split-mouth case series involving 17 patients with 40 bilateral gingival recession defects (≥2 mm).
- Surgical intervention involved ADM placement with a coronally advanced flap.
- Control sites used ADM hydrated in saline; test sites used ADM hydrated in rhPDGF.
- Clinical evaluations and measurements were performed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-surgery.
Main Results:
- Both groups demonstrated significant root defect coverage over 6 months.
- The control group (ADM alone) showed a slightly higher overall root defect coverage (76.7%) compared to the test group (ADM + rhPDGF) (69.0%).
- No statistically significant differences in root defect coverage, keratinized tissue, or clinical attachment level were observed between the groups for Miller Class I and III defects.
Conclusions:
- The addition of rhPDGF to ADM did not yield statistically or clinically significant improvements in root defect coverage or healing compared to ADM alone.
- Coronally advanced flap with ADM is effective for treating gingival recession, irrespective of rhPDGF addition.
- Further research may explore different concentrations or delivery methods of growth factors in periodontal regeneration.
