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Related Concept Videos

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Oncogenic Gene Fusion Detection Using Anchored Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Followed by Next Generation Sequencing
09:49

Oncogenic Gene Fusion Detection Using Anchored Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Followed by Next Generation Sequencing

Published on: July 5, 2019

Crizotinib and testing for ALK.

Alice T Shaw1, Benjamin Solomon, Mari Mino Kenudson

  • 1Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN
|December 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Vysis ALK Break Apart FISH Probe Kit is the gold standard for detecting anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Alternative diagnostic methods like immunohistochemistry (IHC) are being explored for cost-effectiveness.

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Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
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Published on: September 18, 2013

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Oncogenic Gene Fusion Detection Using Anchored Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Followed by Next Generation Sequencing
09:49

Oncogenic Gene Fusion Detection Using Anchored Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Followed by Next Generation Sequencing

Published on: July 5, 2019

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
10:49

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia

Published on: September 18, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Crizotinib is approved for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement.
  • The Vysis ALK Break Apart FISH Probe Kit is the FDA-approved companion diagnostic and current gold standard for ALK rearrangement detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of diagnostic assays for detecting ALK rearrangement in NSCLC.
  • To discuss the strengths and weaknesses of various ALK detection methods.
  • To explore alternative and cost-effective screening strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ALK diagnostic assays.
  • Discussion of Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR).

Main Results:

  • ALK FISH is clinically validated but can be technically challenging and costly.
  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) shows promise as a reliable and cost-effective screening strategy.
  • Further large-scale multicenter studies are needed to validate ALK IHC against FISH.

Conclusions:

  • While ALK FISH is the current standard, alternative screening strategies are necessary for large-scale patient screening.
  • Combination IHC and FISH may be a viable approach for future ALK testing in NSCLC.
  • Validation of IHC is crucial for its adoption as a screening tool.