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Related Experiment Videos

Hypocomplementemia associated with naturally occurring lymphosarcoma in pet cats.

L Kobilinsky, W D Hardy, N K Day

    Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
    |June 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection and lymphosarcoma in cats can lead to hypocomplementemia, indicating complement system activation. Some FeLV-infected cats without disease also show reduced complement levels.

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    Evaluation of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of feline lentivirus-reactive antibodies in wild felids, employing a puma lentivirus-derived synthetic peptide antigen.

    The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research·2003

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Immunology
    • Oncology
    • Virology

    Background:

    • Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a significant pathogen in cats.
    • Lymphosarcoma is a common cancer in FeLV-infected felines.
    • The complement system plays a crucial role in immune responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate complement levels in cats with FeLV infection and lymphosarcoma.
    • To determine the pathway of complement activation in affected cats.
    • To assess the relationship between FeLV status, lymphosarcoma, and hypocomplementemia.

    Main Methods:

    • Cats were classified into four groups: normal FeLV-infected, normal noninfected, lymphosarcoma-FeLV infected, and lymphosarcoma without FeLV.
    • Indirect immunofluorescence and histologic diagnosis were used for classification.

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  • Total hemolytic complement (TCH50) levels were measured.

    • Main Results:

    • All viremic cats with lymphosarcoma exhibited hypocomplementemia with classical complement pathway activation.
    • Cats with lymphosarcoma but without FeLV showed variable TCH50 levels.
    • Approximately 50% of asymptomatic FeLV-viremic cats had normal TCH50, while the rest were hypocomplementemic.

    Conclusions:

    • FeLV infection and lymphosarcoma are associated with complement system dysregulation in cats.
    • Classical complement pathway activation is implicated in FeLV-associated lymphosarcoma.
    • Hypocomplementemia can occur in FeLV-infected cats even in the absence of clinical disease.