Polyamines increase carpospore output and growth during in vitro cultivation of Hydropuntia cornea

Carpospore output and development in the marine red alga Hydropuntia cornea J. Agardh. were increased by adding polyamines (PAs) (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) singly or in combinations at 10(-9), 10(-6) and 10(-3) M. Cell divisions after spore release and development of apical axis between 17 and 21 days characterized carpospore development. PAs increased carpospore development by promoting cell divisions to form cell masses between day 2 and 3. Morphogenesis to develop apical axes occurred at day 7. Spermine at 10(-6) M and a combination of putrescine 10(-9) M + spermidine 10(-9) M + spermine 10(-9) M gave a higher number of carpospores and enhanced their further development to sporelings.