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Updated: May 26, 2026

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings
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Remote (250 km) fiber Bragg grating multiplexing system.

Montserrat Fernandez-Vallejo1, Sergio Rota-Rodrigo, Manuel Lopez-Amo

  • 1Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain. montserrat.fernandez@unavarra.es

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 14, 2011
PubMed
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We developed ultra-long range fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor systems. These systems achieve 250 km multiplexed FBG detection, setting a new record for long-distance FBG sensing.

Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Sensing
  • Fiber Optic Sensors
  • Instrumentation and Measurement

Background:

  • Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors offer robust sensing solutions but are limited by interrogation range.
  • Extending the operational distance of FBG sensor networks is crucial for large-scale infrastructure monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate two novel ultra-long range FBG sensor interrogation systems.
  • To achieve multiplexed FBG sensing at unprecedented distances.
  • To establish a new benchmark for the longest-range FBG sensor system with multiplexing capability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a wavelength swept laser for scanning FBG reflection spectra.
  • Implemented two identical-length optical paths for signal transmission and reception.
Keywords:
Raman amplificationfiber Bragg gratings (FBGs)remote sensingsensor multiplexing

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  • Employed Raman amplification for launching the laser signal.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated an interrogation system with four FBGs at 200 km range and a 20 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
    • Achieved detection of four multiplexed FBGs at 250 km range with a 6-8 dB SNR in an improved system.
    • Established the longest reported range for a multiplexed FBG sensor system.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed systems enable ultra-long range FBG sensing.
    • The 250 km system represents a significant advancement in distributed fiber optic sensing.
    • These systems have potential applications in remote structural health monitoring and large-scale environmental sensing.