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Nanostraws for direct fluidic intracellular access.

Jules J VanDersarl1, Alexander M Xu, Nicholas A Melosh

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.

Nano Letters
|December 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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New nanostraw platforms create permanent cell entry points for efficient delivery of drugs and DNA. This technology bypasses cellular uptake mechanisms for direct cytosolic access, improving delivery efficiency.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Nanomaterials offer potential for enhanced intracellular delivery of active agents like DNA and drugs.
  • Current methods for intracellular delivery often rely on endocytosis, which can limit efficiency and control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate cell-culture platforms utilizing nanotemplated nanostraws for direct cytosolic access.
  • To establish a permanent fluidic pipeline into cells for controlled delivery of various species.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of nanostraws using conventional polymeric track-etch membranes coated with alumina and subsequently etched.
  • Control over nanostraw dimensions including diameter, thickness, and height.
  • Testing delivery efficiency of small molecules, ions, and GFP plasmids into cells.

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Main Results:

  • Successful transport of small molecules into the cytosol with 40% efficiency.
  • Successful transport of ions into the cytosol with 70% efficiency.
  • Demonstrated successful delivery and expression of GFP plasmids within cells.

Conclusions:

  • Nanostraw platforms provide a novel method for direct and efficient intracellular delivery.
  • This technology enables active, reproducible delivery of diverse species into the cytosol, circumventing endocytosis.
  • The developed nanostraw platforms hold promise for advancing cellular engineering and therapeutics.