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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury

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The Wilson films--hemiballism.

Andres M Lozano¹

¹Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. lozano@uhnresearch.ca

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society

|December 16, 2011

Summary

This case study highlights an 88-year-old woman with persistent hemiballism, challenging the traditional subthalamic nucleus lesion theory. It presents a rare instance where established neurological teaching was found to be incorrect.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Neuroscience
Movement Disorders

Background:

Hemiballism is a hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by violent, involuntary limb movements.
Classical neuroanatomy and pathology associate hemiballism with lesions in the subthalamic nucleus.
The precise etiological mechanisms and anatomical correlates of persistent hemiballism remain areas of active investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a unique case of prolonged hemiballism in an elderly patient.
To challenge the conventional understanding of the neuroanatomical basis of hemiballism.
To illustrate a discrepancy between clinical presentation and established neurological teaching.

Main Methods:

Case report of an 88-year-old woman with sudden onset right-sided hemiballism.

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Clinical observation and video documentation of involuntary movements.

Analysis of the case in the context of established neurological principles.

Main Results:

The patient exhibited persistent, wide-amplitude choreic movements affecting the right upper and lower limbs, as well as axial musculature for 15 years.
The clinical presentation strongly suggested a lesion in the subthalamic nucleus based on classical teaching.
This case serves as a counterexample to the widely accepted etiological association.

Conclusions:

This case demonstrates that hemiballism can persist for an extended duration.
It questions the absolute certainty of the subthalamic nucleus as the sole anatomical correlate for hemiballism.
The findings underscore the importance of considering atypical presentations and challenging established dogma in neurology.