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Meta-analysis: serum creatinine changes following contrast enhanced CT imaging
Judith Kooiman1, Sharif M Pasha, Wendy Zondag
1Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands. j.kooiman@lumc.nl
European Journal of Radiology
|December 20, 2011
Summary
Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) affects 6.4% of patients after contrast-enhanced CT scans. While the risk of renal replacement therapy is low, patients with chronic kidney disease or diabetes face a higher risk of developing CIN.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Radiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is a decline in renal function post-contrast media administration.
- Intravenous contrast-enhanced CT scans are widely used in medical diagnostics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the overall risk of CIN, chronic kidney function loss, and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) after contrast-enhanced CT.
- To identify patient subgroups at increased risk for CIN.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane).
- Data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers.
- Meta-analysis and meta-regression were utilized for data synthesis.
Main Results:
- Forty studies reported a pooled incidence of CIN at 6.4% (95% CI 5.0-8.1).
- The risk of RRT post-CIN was low at 0.06% (95% CI 0.01-0.4).
- Persistent renal function decline was observed in 1.1% of patients (95% CI 0.6-2.1%).
- Patients with chronic kidney disease (OR 2.26) and diabetes mellitus (OR 3.10) showed significantly increased risk for CIN.
Conclusions:
- CIN occurs in approximately 6% of patients following contrast-enhanced CT.
- A persistent decline in renal function impacts about 1% of patients undergoing these procedures.
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