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An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
Published on: February 8, 2019
Large-vessel involvement in recent-onset giant cell arteritis: a case-control colour-Doppler sonography study
Alessandra Ghinoi1, Nicolò Pipitone, Alberto Nicolini
1Department of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42100 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
|December 20, 2011
Summary
Large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) affects 29% of new giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients, often presenting with fewer cranial symptoms. Early LVV diagnosis in GCA is crucial for tailored treatment and preventing complications.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Vascular Medicine
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic vasculitis primarily affecting medium and large arteries.
- The prevalence of large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) in newly diagnosed GCA remains a subject of debate.
- Color-Doppler sonography (CDS) is a valuable tool for assessing vascular inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of LVV in patients with newly diagnosed GCA using CDS.
- To compare clinical and laboratory findings between GCA patients with and without LVV.
- To identify potential differences in presentation based on the presence of LVV.
Main Methods:
- Sixty-two consecutive patients with new-onset GCA were included.
- CDS was performed on epiaortic vessels and the aorta.
- Patients with LVV were matched 1:2 to GCA patients without LVV for comparative analysis.
Main Results:
- LVV, indicated by the characteristic halo sign on CDS, was identified in 18 (29%) of 62 GCA patients.
- GCA patients with LVV were more frequently female (100% vs. 73%) and less likely to exhibit cranial manifestations (73% vs. 97%).
- Jaw claudication was borderline less frequent in the LVV group (13% vs. 43%, P=0.05).
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of LVV in newly diagnosed GCA, as detected by CDS, is approximately 29%.
- GCA patients with concurrent LVV demonstrate a distinct clinical profile, notably with fewer cranial symptoms.
- Early identification of LVV in GCA is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and mitigating vascular complications.
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