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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

The Impact of Motor Task Conditions on Goal-Directed Arm Reaching Kinematics and Trunk Compensation in Chronic Stroke Survivors

The Impact of Motor Task Conditions on Goal-Directed Arm Reaching Kinematics and Trunk Compensation in Chronic Stroke Survivors

Published on: May 2, 2021

Dynamic dominance persists during unsupported reaching.

Tucker Tomlinson¹, Robert Sainburg

¹Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Journal of Motor Behavior

|December 23, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study found that the nondominant arm exhibits coordination deficits in free reaching, similar to supported movements. These differences in arm movement lateralization did not affect final accuracy.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomechanics
Motor Control

Background:

Previous research on arm movement lateralization primarily investigated supported movements in the horizontal plane.
These studies aimed to isolate interlimb differences by minimizing gravitational effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate interlimb differences in free reaching movements.
To determine if coordination deficits observed in supported reaching are present in unsupported, free reaching tasks.

Main Methods:

Collected kinematic and kinetic data for forearm and upper arm segments during a 3-direction reaching task.
Analyzed lateralization of coordination, including initial movement direction and trajectory curvature.

Main Results:

Observed significant lateralization of coordination in free reaching.
The nondominant arm demonstrated increased initial direction errors and trajectory path curvature.
These coordination deficits were linked to a timing deficit between peak elbow and shoulder torques.
Despite coordination issues, final position accuracy was not compromised.

Conclusions:

Coordination deficits in the nondominant arm during free reaching are consistent with findings from supported horizontal plane movements.
Lateralization of arm movement coordination is evident even without external support.
Motor control strategies differ between dominant and nondominant arms, particularly in timing and trajectory formation.