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Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm
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Do priming effects in dialogue reflect partner- or task-based expectations?

Victor S Ferreira1, Daniel Kleinman, Tanya Kraljic

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0109, USA. vferreira@ucsd.edu

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|December 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People expect their word and structure choices in conversations to be repeated back. This conversational repetition speeds up responses, showing a general expectation in dialogue.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Conversational participants frequently echo each other's language, including specific words and grammatical structures.
  • The underlying reasons for this linguistic repetition, specifically whether it stems from expectation, remain debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether dialogue participants anticipate their own linguistic choices (words and structures) being mirrored by others.
  • To determine if this anticipation influences processing speed during conversation.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted where participants described pictures, and their response latencies were measured.
  • Researchers analyzed reaction times when participants heard their own previously used words or syntactic structures versus alternatives.

Main Results:

  • Hearing repeated words and syntactic structures led to significantly faster response times.
  • This effect persisted even when participants heard repetitions from a computer, not a human interlocutor.
  • The repetition effect was not attributable to simple label preferences.

Conclusions:

  • Dialogue participants generally expect their chosen words and grammatical structures to be repeated.
  • This expectation is a general feature of conversational tasks, not solely dependent on the communicative partner.
  • Linguistic accommodation in conversation may be driven by predictive processing of one's own linguistic output.