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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

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Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Immunosurgery
11:56

Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Immunosurgery

Published on: December 13, 2007

WNTing embryonic stem cells.

Jason Wray1, Christine Hartmann

  • 1University College London, Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Trends in Cell Biology
|December 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Canonical Wnt signaling, mediated by β-catenin, is crucial for embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency and differentiation inhibition. Manipulating this pathway enhances ESC derivation and maintenance, aiding reprogramming.

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Propagation of Human Embryonic Stem (ES) Cells

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Immunosurgery
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Fate Mapping of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Teratoma Formation
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Published on: August 1, 2010

Propagation of Human Embryonic Stem (ES) Cells
12:52

Propagation of Human Embryonic Stem (ES) Cells

Published on: November 30, 2006

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Molecular Signaling

Background:

  • Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) possess self-renewal and pluripotency, crucial for development.
  • Canonical Wnt pathway activation influences ESC pluripotency maintenance and differentiation.
  • β-catenin, a key Wnt mediator, is essential for inhibiting ESC differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of canonical Wnt signaling in regulating ESC self-renewal.
  • To explore how Wnt pathway manipulation can improve ESC derivation and maintenance.
  • To understand the mechanism of β-catenin in inhibiting ESC differentiation via Tcf3.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent findings on canonical Wnt signaling in ESCs.
  • Analysis of β-catenin's role in ESC maintenance and differentiation.
  • Discussion of Wnt agonists' utility in ESC derivation and reprogramming.

Main Results:

  • β-catenin is dispensable for ESC maintenance but inhibits differentiation.
  • Wnt pathway activation represses T cell factor 3 (Tcf3)-bound genes, blocking differentiation.
  • Wnt agonists facilitate ESC derivation from difficult strains and aid somatic cell reprogramming.

Conclusions:

  • Canonical Wnt signaling plays a vital regulatory role in ESC pluripotency.
  • Targeted manipulation of Wnt signaling offers improved methods for ESC derivation and maintenance.
  • Understanding Wnt-Tcf3 interactions is key to controlling ESC fate and applications.