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Increasing mammography and cervical cancer knowledge and screening behaviors with an educational program
1Valparaiso University, Indiana, USA. terry.kessler@valpo.edu
Oncology Nursing Forum
|December 29, 2011
Summary
This study shows that self-efficacy-based education significantly improved women's knowledge of breast and cervical cancer screening. It also led to increased mammography and Papanicolaou (Pap) test rates, demonstrating lasting behavior change.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Education
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- Regular screening for breast and cervical cancers is crucial for early detection and improved outcomes.
- Self-efficacy, the belief in one's ability to succeed, plays a key role in health behavior adoption.
- Existing educational programs may not sufficiently empower women to adhere to recommended screening guidelines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of a self-efficacy-based educational program on women's knowledge of recommended mammography and Papanicolaou (Pap) test screening.
- To determine if this educational intervention can effectively promote sustained behavior change in cancer screening practices.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, pretest-post-test design was employed in an urban county in northern Indiana.
- Fifty-six women participated in one-hour educational programs focusing on self-efficacy, vicarious experiences, and verbal persuasion for screening.
- Knowledge, risk factors, and screening behaviors were assessed immediately after the program and again 15 months later.
Main Results:
- Knowledge of cancer risks and screening guidelines significantly increased post-intervention (p < 0.001) and remained elevated at 15 months (p = 0.57).
- Participant-reported screening behavior rates increased to 100% for mammography and 84% for Pap tests at the 15-month follow-up.
- Key risk factors identified included family history for breast cancer and human papillomavirus/sexually transmitted diseases for cervical cancer.
Conclusions:
- Self-efficacy-based educational interventions are effective in enhancing women's knowledge of breast and cervical health.
- These programs successfully increased the uptake of mammography and Pap tests, indicating a positive impact on screening behaviors.
- Equipping women with practical strategies to undergo screening is vital for boosting self-efficacy and promoting adherence to guidelines.
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