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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Preclinical Development: Overview01:28

Preclinical Development: Overview

Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. There are four main phases to this process. First, safety pharmacology tests are conducted to ensure the drug does not produce any acutely harmful effects. These tests examine parameters such as bronchoconstriction, cardiac dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and ataxia. Next, preliminary toxicological testing is performed to determine the...
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Integration of Wet and Dry Bench Processes Optimizes Targeted Next-generation Sequencing of Low-quality and Low-quantity Tumor Biopsies
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Genomic sequencing in clinical trials.

Karen K Mestan1, Leonard Ilkhanoff, Samdeep Mouli

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. k-mestan@northwestern.edu

Journal of Translational Medicine
|December 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genomic sequencing, vital for understanding human health and disease, is increasingly used in clinical research. This review covers current and future directions, platforms, and challenges of this transformative technology.

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Published on: October 18, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Translational Research
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Human genome sequencing determines the precise order of base pairs in human chromosomes.
  • Since 2003, genomic sequencing has become integral to translational research for health and disease.
  • Genomic sequencing is emerging in national and international clinical trials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and future directions of genomic sequencing in clinical research.
  • To highlight available genomic sequencing platforms, comparing first- and next-generation techniques.
  • To discuss the application, breakthroughs, and challenges of genomic sequencing in clinical studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available genomic sequencing platforms.
  • Comparison of first- and next-generation sequencing technologies (capabilities, quality, cost).
  • Analysis of geographical distribution and disease conditions where sequencing is applied.

Main Results:

  • Overview of current genomic sequencing platforms and their pros and cons.
  • Comparison of older and newer sequencing techniques.
  • Description of how next-generation sequencing is integrated into research studies.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic sequencing is a rapidly advancing field with significant implications for human health.
  • Next-generation sequencing offers enhanced capabilities for clinical research.
  • Ongoing challenges in genomic sequencing implementation require further attention.