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Related Concept Videos

Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases01:17

Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases

Gas chromatography (GC) relies on stationary phases to separate and analyze components in a sample. There are two main types of stationary phases: liquid and solid. Liquid stationary phases are non-volatile, thermally stable, and chemically inert liquids coated onto the column. Solid stationary phases are particles of adsorbent material, such as silica gel or molecular sieves.
For an analyte to remain on the column for a sufficient amount of time, it must exhibit some level of compatibility (or...
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography01:18

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) provides a beneficial substitute for gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) for certain samples because it merges the top attributes of both techniques. SFC allows the separation and analysis of compounds that GC or LC does not easily manage. These compounds are traditionally nonvolatile or thermally unstable, making GC unsuitable and lacking functional groups required for HPLC analysis.
SFC utilizes a supercritical fluid mobile phase,...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
Chromatography: Introduction01:10

Chromatography: Introduction

Chromatography is a technique used to separate compounds based on differences of partitioning between two phases, the stationary phase and the mobile phase.
The phase in which the compounds linger or on which the compounds adsorb is called the stationary phase, whereas the mobile phase is the solvent that carries the solutes to be analyzed. In traditional column chromatography, the mixture flows through the stationary phase, and the compounds partition between the stationary and mobile phases...
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
Principles Of Column Chromatography01:13

Principles Of Column Chromatography

The chromatography technique was first invented in 1901 by Michael S. Tswett, a Russian botanist, to separate plant pigments using organic solvents. Further, in 1941, Archer John Porter Martin and R. L. M. Synge modified the technique by packing silica gel into a column. A mixture of amino acids was then separated on the packed column using chloroform and water mixture as the mobile phase. This was the first report on column chromatography. At present, column chromatography is a widely used...

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Simple In-House Ultra-High Performance Capillary Column Manufacturing with the FlashPack Approach
13:36

Simple In-House Ultra-High Performance Capillary Column Manufacturing with the FlashPack Approach

Published on: December 4, 2021

Stationary phases for packed-column supercritical fluid chromatography.

Colin F Poole1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. cfp@chem.wayne.edu

Journal of Chromatography. A
|January 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) stationary phase properties are detailed, focusing on column design and retention mechanisms. Understanding these factors aids in selecting appropriate columns for effective method development in SFC.

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Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns
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Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Simple In-House Ultra-High Performance Capillary Column Manufacturing with the FlashPack Approach
13:36

Simple In-House Ultra-High Performance Capillary Column Manufacturing with the FlashPack Approach

Published on: December 4, 2021

Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns
06:25

Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns

Published on: April 26, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chromatography

Background:

  • Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) leverages innovations from liquid chromatography column design.
  • SFC separation conditions differ from traditional liquid chromatography.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe silica-based, chemically bonded, packed column stationary phases for SFC.
  • To focus on column design and retention mechanisms in SFC.
  • To facilitate method development by characterizing stationary phases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the solvation parameter model for retention analysis.
  • Employed carbon dioxide-methanol as the mobile phase.
  • Characterized stationary phases based on their separation characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Mobile phase composition and operating conditions interact to modify SFC selectivity.
  • Analyte solubility and stationary phase solvation are key factors influencing retention.
  • The solvation parameter model identified main retention-influencing parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Column characterization methods aid in identifying suitable stationary phases for SFC.
  • Characterization is dependent on both stationary phase chemistry and operating conditions.
  • Methods are best applied to columns with similar designs and operating conditions.