Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Intravenous Microinjections of Zebrafish Larvae to Study Acute Kidney Injury
15:55

Intravenous Microinjections of Zebrafish Larvae to Study Acute Kidney Injury

Published on: August 4, 2010

Acute kidney injury in children with visceral leishmaniasis

Alexandre Braga Libório1, Natália A Rocha, Michelle J C Oliveira

  • 1Post-Graduate Program in Public Health, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. alexandreliborio@yahoo.com.br

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|January 3, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in children with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Secondary infections, low serum albumin, and high serum globulin are key risk factors for AKI in these pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Limited research exists on renal function in pediatric visceral leishmaniasis (VL).
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a potential complication requiring investigation.
  • Understanding AKI incidence and risk factors is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of AKI in children diagnosed with VL.
  • To identify risk factors associated with AKI development in pediatric VL patients.
  • To utilize the pediatric Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End-stage kidney disease (pRIFLE) classification for AKI assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 146 children under 14 years with VL.
  • Data collected from a single center in Northeast Brazil (2003-2010).
  • AKI evaluated using pediatric Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End-stage kidney disease (pRIFLE) criteria.

Main Results:

  • 45.9% of pediatric VL patients developed AKI.
  • AKI patients were younger and more likely to have jaundice and secondary infections.
  • Independent risk factors for AKI included secondary infections, low serum albumin, and high serum globulin.

Conclusions:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication in children with visceral leishmaniasis (VL).
  • Secondary infections, low serum albumin, and high serum globulin levels are significant risk factors for AKI in this population.
  • Early identification and management of these risk factors are essential for improving outcomes in pediatric VL.
Abstract

More Related Videos

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion09:02

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

Published on: February 2, 2021

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...