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Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Epidermis01:24

Cells of the Epidermis

The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...
Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

Surface Membrane Barriers

The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular cells,...
Layers of the Epidermis01:21

Layers of the Epidermis

The epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, is composed of several distinct layers. From deep to superficial, the layers of the epidermis are as follows:
Stratum Basale
Stratum basale, also known as the stratum germinativum, is the deepest layer of the epidermis. It is composed of a single layer of actively dividing cells called basal cells or basal keratinocytes. These cells constantly undergo cell division to replenish the upper layers of the epidermis. Additionally, melanocytes, which...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own EpiSCs...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Cultivating a Three-dimensional Reconstructed Human Epidermis at a Large Scale
08:49

Cultivating a Three-dimensional Reconstructed Human Epidermis at a Large Scale

Published on: May 28, 2021

Epidermal barrier in atopic dermatitis.

Byung Eui Kim1, Donald Ym Leung

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.

Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
|January 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mutations in filaggrin (FLG) are linked to atopic dermatitis (AD), a skin condition affecting many children. Proper skincare is crucial for managing AD severity by repairing the skin barrier.

Keywords:
Atopic dermatitisepidermal barrierfilaggrin

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) significantly impacts children's quality of life.
  • AD pathophysiology involves epidermal structural abnormalities and immune dysregulation.
  • Filaggrin (FLG) is vital for epidermal barrier function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of filaggrin (FLG) in atopic dermatitis (AD).
  • To understand the association between FLG mutations and AD severity.
  • To highlight the importance of skin barrier repair in AD management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on atopic dermatitis pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of the role of filaggrin (FLG) in epidermal barrier function.
  • Examination of the link between FLG mutations and AD, allergic sensitization, and asthma.

Main Results:

  • FLG mutations are strongly associated with early-onset, severe, and persistent AD.
  • FLG deficiency contributes to impaired epidermal barrier function.
  • FLG deficiency is linked to allergic sensitization and asthma development.

Conclusions:

  • Filaggrin (FLG) mutations are a significant factor in atopic dermatitis (AD) pathogenesis.
  • Maintaining skin barrier integrity through hydration and topical anti-inflammatory therapy is key for AD management.
  • Understanding FLG's role offers insights into AD, allergic sensitization, and asthma.