In vitro blood-brain barrier models: current and perspective technologies.

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Biomedical Engineering
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Animal models for central nervous system (CNS) diseases have limitations in translational significance and cost.
• In vitro models are crucial for studying the blood-brain barrier (BBB), vital for brain homeostasis and function.
• The BBB's dynamic response to systemic impairments necessitates advanced in vitro systems for research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and analyze existing in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) models.
• To highlight the importance of in vitro BBB models in basic, translational, and pharmaceutical research.
• To discuss current and future developments in in vitro BBB model technology.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on various in vitro BBB models.
• Analysis of static culture systems.
• Evaluation of advanced flow-based and 3D co-culture apparatus.

Main Results:

• In vitro BBB models range from simple static cultures to complex dynamic systems.
• Advanced models better replicate the microvasculature and rheological properties of the brain.
• These models serve as valuable tools to complement animal and human studies.

Conclusions:

• In vitro BBB models are essential for studying CNS diseases and drug development.
• Sophisticated models are needed to replicate the BBB's complex functions.
• Continued development of in vitro BBB models will advance neurological research.