Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

Bone Remodeling

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

Bone Disorders

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

What is the Skeletal System?

What is the Skeletal System?

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Correction: Chronic Gastro-Duodenal Ulcerative Disease and the Death of Father Stephan Schätzl from Viechtwang (Austria).

Journal of religion and health·2023

Same author

Chronic Gastro-Duodenal Ulcerative Disease and the Death of Father Stephan Schätzl from Viechtwang (Austria).

Journal of religion and health·2023

Same author

Goitre in a Fayum mummy portrait from Roman Egypt (120-140 CE).

Journal of endocrinological investigation·2022

Same author

Early sixteenth century gargoyle figurine with evidence of massive multinodular hyper-vascularised goitre and superior vena cava syndrome.

Journal of endocrinological investigation·2022

Same author

From Molière to SARS-CoV-2: How Medicine has changed.

La Revue de medecine interne·2022

Same author

"Cola u' Nanu": an early nineteenth century case of disproportionate small stature.

Journal of endocrinological investigation·2022

Same journal

Comorbidities in Perthes' disease: a case control study using the General Practice Research database.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume·2012

Same journal

The treatment of complex tibial shaft fractures by the Ilizarov method.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume·2012

Same journal

Posterior spinal arthrodesis for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using pedicle screw instrumentation: does a bilateral or unilateral screw technique affect surgical outcome?

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume·2012

Same journal

Anterior deltoid deficiency in reverse total shoulder replacement: a biomechanical study with cadavers.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume·2012

Same journal

Long-term results of dorsal intercarpal ligament capsulodesis for the treatment of chronic scapholunate instability.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume·2012

Same journal

Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction for patellar instability in patients with hypermobility: a case control study.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume·2012

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro

A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro

Published on: June 16, 2022

Current concepts in osteolysis.

B Ollivere¹, J A Wimhurst, I M Clark

¹Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK. ben.ollivere@nuh.nhs.uk

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume

|January 6, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Peri-prosthetic osteolysis, a common cause of total hip replacement failure, is an active bone loss process triggered by wear debris. Macrophage activation drives this bone-resorbing biological cascade, leading to implant loosening.

More Related Videos

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

Published on: June 8, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro

A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro

Published on: June 16, 2022

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

Published on: June 8, 2014

Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Biomaterials Science
Immunology

Background:

Peri-prosthetic osteolysis is the primary reason for total hip replacement failure, as documented in arthroplasty registries.
This bone loss is an active biological response to wear debris generated from artificial joint components.
The process involves macrophage activation, leading to increased bone resorption around the implant.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the current understanding of the causes of peri-prosthetic osteolysis.
To review the underlying biological mechanisms driving this bone loss.
To synthesize basic science and clinical findings on osteolysis following hip arthroplasty.

Main Methods:

Literature review of basic science and clinical studies.
Analysis of current concepts in osteolysis initiation and regulation.
Synthesis of data from arthroplasty registries regarding failure modes.

Main Results:

Wear debris from hip implants initiates an inflammatory response.
Macrophages play a central role in the biological cascade of osteolysis.
Increased osteolytic activity is the final common pathway, leading to bone loss and potential implant failure.

Conclusions:

Understanding the biological initiators and regulatory mechanisms of osteolysis is crucial.
Further research into the basic science and clinical aspects of peri-prosthetic osteolysis is needed.
Addressing wear debris and the subsequent biological response is key to improving long-term hip replacement outcomes.