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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
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Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
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The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Interference and Decay01:16

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Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Working memory and inattentional blindness.

Keith Bredemeier1, Daniel J Simons

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. kbredem2@illinois.edu

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|January 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individual differences in working memory capacity predict performance on attention-demanding tasks. However, working memory did not influence the likelihood of noticing unexpected stimuli during focused attention, challenging previous findings.

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
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Published on: July 16, 2015

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08:45

A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Individual differences in working memory (WM) are linked to cognitive performance, particularly under focused attention.
  • Inattentional blindness (IB), the failure to notice unexpected stimuli during attention-demanding tasks, is a known consequence of focused attention.
  • The relationship between WM capacity and IB is inconsistent, with some studies showing a link and others not.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between individual differences in working memory and inattentional blindness.
  • To clarify conflicting findings regarding WM capacity and the ability to notice unexpected stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies with large participant samples were conducted.
  • Multiple measures of working memory capacity were assessed.
  • Participants completed an attention-demanding tracking task during which an unexpected object was presented.

Main Results:

  • Individual differences in working memory capacity significantly predicted performance on the attention-demanding tracking task.
  • Working memory capacity did not predict the likelihood of noticing the unexpected object during the task.
  • These findings suggest that WM's influence on cognitive performance may not extend to inattentional blindness.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory capacity is a strong predictor of performance in attention-demanding tasks.
  • Working memory capacity does not appear to be a reliable predictor of inattentional blindness.
  • Further research is needed to understand the factors influencing inattentional blindness and its relationship with working memory.