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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...

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Computed Tomography and Optical Imaging of Osteogenesis-angiogenesis Coupling to Assess Integration of Cranial Bone Autografts and Allografts
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Modeling stem/progenitor cell-induced neovascularization and oxygenation around solid implants.

Harsh Vardhan Jain1, Nicanor I Moldovan, Helen M Byrne

  • 1Mathematical Biosciences Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. hjain@mbi.osu.edu

Tissue Engineering. Part C, Methods
|January 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cell treatment significantly enhances oxygen levels around biomedical implants by promoting vascularization. This study used a novel sensor and mathematical modeling to understand implant integration.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Mathematical Modeling

Background:

  • Biomedical implants require oxygen for function.
  • Understanding peri-implant vascularization is crucial for implant success.
  • A novel oxygen sensor was developed for noninvasive measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of stem cell treatment on peri-implant oxygenation.
  • To develop a mathematical model simulating peri-implant vascularization.
  • To validate the model using experimental data.

Main Methods:

  • Implantation of oxygen sensors in mice with hydrogel scaffolds (control vs. stem cell-treated).
  • Noninvasive electron paramagnetic resonance measurements of local partial oxygen pressure (pO(2)).
  • Development and validation of a mathematical model for peri-implant vascularization.

Main Results:

  • Stem cell treatment led to consistently higher peri-implant oxygenation over 10 weeks compared to controls.
  • The mathematical model accurately predicted oxygen levels based on experimental data.
  • Adipogenesis and paracrine signaling were implicated in stem cell-induced neovascularization.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell treatment enhances vascular integration of biomedical implants.
  • Mathematical modeling provides mechanistic insights into vascularization processes.
  • Combining modeling with experimentation accelerates understanding of implant-biomaterial interactions.