Subjective ratings of whole-body vibration for single- and multi-axis motion

Real-world whole-body vibration exposures comprise motion in fore-aft, lateral, and vertical directions simultaneously. There can also be components of roll, pitch, and yaw. If evaluating vibration with respect to human response, most investigators will use methods defined in ISO 2631-1. This uses frequency weightings that were originally derived from laboratory studies of the subjective responses to vibration in one direction at a time. This paper describes experiments that were carried out using a 6 degree-of-freedom vibration simulator to validate the applicability of ISO 2631-1 in multi-axis environments. Fifteen subjects were exposed to 87 stimuli comprising single-axis, dual-axis, and tri-axial random vibration, to which they were required to produce subjective ratings. It is shown that in this study the root-sum-of-squares method of summation of subjective ratings in individual axes was an adequate technique for prediction of subjective rating of multi-axis vibration. Better agreement between objective and subjective measures of vibration was obtained for unweighted vibration than for frequency weighted signals. The best agreement for this study was achieved when axis multiplying factors were set at 2.2 and 2.4 for x- and y-axis vibration, respectively. Different values could be appropriate for other postures, seats, and vibration conditions and should be determined in future studies.