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Related Concept Videos

Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...
Sperm Structure and Semen Composition01:22

Sperm Structure and Semen Composition

During ejaculation, males release around 2-5 milliliters of semen, which is a complex mixture of mature sperm and various fluids produced by accessory glands. The mature sperm cells measure approximately 60 micrometers in length and consist of a head, neck, midpiece, and tail. The head is flattened and tapered, measuring about 4 to 5 micrometers in length. It contains a nucleus with condensed chromosomes and an acrosome, a cap-like structure filled with enzymes essential for penetrating the...
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
Pedigree Analysis01:35

Pedigree Analysis

Overview
Meiosis I03:09

Meiosis I

Meiosis is the division of a diploid cell into haploid cells forming sperm and eggs in animals through differentiation. Meiosis I is the first stage of meiosis, where the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and the reduction of the ploidy level by half occurs.
Prophase I is the most extended and complex step of meiosis I characterized by synapsis, chromosome pairing, and recombination of the homologous chromosomes. This process is facilitated by a proteinaceous structure called the...
Sperm Transport01:15

Sperm Transport

The journey of sperm from its origin to the point of ejaculation begins within the seminiferous tubules of the testis. Here, Sertoli cells produce fluid that propels non-motile sperm through a series of conduits, starting with the straight tubules leading to the rete testis. This interconnected network of tubules acts as the initial pathway for sperm, guiding them into the efferent ductules and then into the epididymis for maturation.
The maturation phase occurs in the epididymis, where sperm...

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Flow Cytometric Analysis of Biomarkers for Detecting Human Sperm Functional Defects
08:48

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Published on: April 21, 2022

Correlation between DNA defect and sperm-head morphology.

Nino G Cassuto1, André Hazout, Ibrahim Hammoud

  • 1Art Unit, Drouot Laboratory, Paris, France. guycassuto@labodrouot.com

Reproductive Biomedicine Online
|January 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Sperm DNA testing may aid infertile couples. Abnormal sperm morphology (score 0) correlated with lower sperm concentration and motility, and showed higher DNA decondensation, suggesting it should be avoided in assisted reproduction.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Andrology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The role of sperm DNA testing in fertility treatments is debated.
  • It may benefit couples experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss or failed assisted reproductive techniques.
  • Sperm DNA integrity is crucial for successful fertilization and embryonic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between sperm DNA integrity and sperm morphology.
  • To evaluate the utility of high-magnification microscopy in assessing sperm quality.
  • To determine if specific sperm morphological characteristics correlate with DNA damage or decondensation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 10,400 spermatozoa from 26 patients using high-magnification microscopy.
  • Assessment of sperm-head morphology, DNA fragmentation, and sperm chromatin decondensation.
  • Statistical correlation analysis between sperm parameters and morphological scores.

Main Results:

  • Significant negative correlations found between abnormal sperm morphology (score 0) and sperm concentration (r=-0.41), motility (r=-0.42), and morphology (r=-0.63).
  • No correlation observed between abnormal morphology and sperm DNA fragmentation.
  • Sperm chromatin decondensation rate was double in score-0 spermatozoa compared to controls (19.5% vs. 10.1%).

Conclusions:

  • Abnormal sperm morphology, particularly score 0, is linked to reduced sperm quality and increased DNA decondensation.
  • High-magnification microscopy can identify sperm with potential DNA integrity issues.
  • Score-0 spermatozoa should be excluded from selection for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to improve outcomes.