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Human serum albumin: from bench to bedside
Gabriella Fanali1, Alessandra di Masi, Viviana Trezza
1Department of Biomedical, Informatics and Communication Sciences, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio (VA), Italy.
Molecular Aspects of Medicine
|January 11, 2012
Summary
Human serum albumin (HSA) is vital for fluid balance and drug transport. This review covers its genetic, biochemical, biomedical, and biotechnological roles, highlighting its clinical and therapeutic importance.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant plasma protein.
- It is crucial for maintaining oncotic pressure and fluid distribution.
- HSA possesses extensive ligand-binding capabilities for endogenous and exogenous compounds.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted aspects of Human serum albumin (HSA).
- To cover genetic, biochemical, biomedical, and biotechnological perspectives.
- To highlight its significance in disease and clinical applications.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of genetic, biochemical, and biomedical studies.
- Analysis of clinical applications and therapeutic uses.
- Exploration of recent biotechnological advancements.
Main Results:
- HSA functions as a primary carrier for fatty acids and influences drug pharmacokinetics.
- It contributes to plasma's antioxidant capacity and exhibits (pseudo-)enzymatic activities.
- HSA is a biomarker for various diseases and a therapeutic agent for numerous conditions.
Conclusions:
- HSA plays a critical role in physiological processes and disease states.
- Its therapeutic applications are extensive, ranging from volume resuscitation to liver disease management.
- Emerging biotechnological uses demonstrate HSA's versatility and ongoing relevance.
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