[Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata]

Area of Science:

• Gynecology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is a rare benign condition characterized by smooth muscle nodules on the peritoneum.
• It predominantly affects women of reproductive age and is associated with hyperestrogenic states.
• LPD can mimic peritoneal carcinomatosis, posing diagnostic challenges due to non-specific radiologic findings.

Observation:

• A 50-year-old woman presented with symptoms of intestinal obstruction.
• Imaging studies were non-specific, necessitating further investigation.
• The patient's presentation mimicked advanced malignancy.

Findings:

• Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD).
• The smooth muscle nodules were identified throughout the peritoneum.
• This rare condition was the underlying cause of the intestinal obstruction.

Implications:

• Accurate diagnosis of LPD relies on histological confirmation, distinguishing it from peritoneal carcinomatosis.
• Treatment strategies for LPD must be individualized based on patient factors like age and hormonal status.
• This case underscores the importance of considering rare diagnoses like LPD in patients presenting with unexplained peritoneal nodules and obstruction.