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Updated: May 26, 2026

Anatomical Reconstructions of the Human Cardiac Venous System using Contrast-computed Tomography of Perfusion-fixed Specimens
06:02

Anatomical Reconstructions of the Human Cardiac Venous System using Contrast-computed Tomography of Perfusion-fixed Specimens

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Contrast media-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing angiography prior to or during vascular surgery: a

F Zaraca1, C J Wiedermann, H Ebner

  • 1Department of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy. francesco.zaraca@asbz.it

Minerva Chirurgica
|January 12, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) affects 9.2% of vascular surgery patients. Advanced age, pre-existing renal disease, and high contrast volume are key risk factors for this complication.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a severe complication in vascular surgery patients undergoing angiography.
  • While extensively studied in cardiac procedures, CIN prevention in vascular surgery remains under-researched.
  • Limited data exists on the efficacy of combined preventive strategies like hydration and specific medications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the incidence and risk factors of CIN in vascular surgery patients.
  • To analyze the effectiveness of pre- and intraoperative preventive measures for CIN.
  • To identify patient subgroups at higher risk for CIN.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of published studies was conducted.
  • Eligible trials were identified through multiple search strategies.
  • Pooled odds ratios for CIN were calculated using a random-effects model.

Main Results:

  • Six studies involving 862 patients were included, with an overall CIN frequency of 9.2%.
  • Identified risk factors for CIN include age >70, high contrast volume, pre-existing renal disease, and antihypertensive use.
  • N-acetylcysteine showed no added benefit in preventing CIN in two studies.
  • Completion angiography patients, especially those with severe azotemia, face higher CIN risk.

Conclusions:

  • Vascular surgery patients with advanced age and pre-existing renal/vascular conditions are at increased risk for CIN.
  • Current preventive strategies, including N-acetylcysteine, may not be sufficiently effective.
  • Further randomized trials are necessary to establish optimal CIN prevention strategies in this population.

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