Monoaminergic regulation of hemopoiesis under extreme conditions

The role of the adrenergic, dopaminergic, and serotoninergic systems in the regulation of hemopoiesis was evaluated on various models of pathological processes (restraint stress, experimental neurosis, and cytostatic treatment). The proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of polypotent, multipotent, partially determined, and oligopotent hemopoietic precursors and functional activity of microenvironmental cells (stromal cells, macrophages, and Thy1,2(+) cells) were shown to be under the control of a complex system of monoaminergic regulation. Central monoamines have a direct or indirect (mediated by microenvironmental cells) regulatory effect on hemopoietic precursors of various classes, which is realized via specific receptors. The system of colony-stimulating factors is characterized by selective sensitivity to catecholamines. It should be emphasized that the effects of erythropoietin are mainly associated with serotonin. Irrespective of experimental conditions (hyperplasia of hemopoiesis, myelosuppression, and dysregulation of precursor cell proliferation and differentiation), the erythroid hemopoietic stem is more sensitive to serotoninergic influences. Granulocytopoiesis was revealed to be more sensitive to central catecholamines.