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The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
Published on: August 11, 2008
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Muhammad Khurram1, Hamama Tul Bushra Khaar, Muhammad Fahim
1Department of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical College, Rawalpindi, and the Nuclear Medicine, Oncology, and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan. drmkhurram@gmail.com
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
|January 14, 2012
Summary
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is prevalent in young males in Pakistan, often linked to poverty and poor treatment outcomes. High resistance to first-line drugs necessitates exploring alternative treatments for MDR-TB.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a significant global health challenge.
- Isoniazid and rifampicin resistance defines MDR-TB strains.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate clinical characteristics, drug susceptibility patterns, and treatment outcomes of MDR-TB patients.
- To analyze factors associated with MDR-TB in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 30 diagnosed MDR pulmonary TB patients was studied.
- Patients were treated per WHO guidelines and followed for two years.
- Data collected included demographics, drug susceptibility testing (DST), and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- MDR-TB predominantly affected young males (60%) with low income (<42 Euro/month) and overcrowded living conditions (73.3%).
- High resistance (>60%) was observed for ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and streptomycin.
- Treatment outcomes were poor: 10% cured, 40% died, 20% treatment failure, and 30% defaulted.
Conclusions:
- Pulmonary MDR-TB in Rawalpindi is associated with young males, poverty, and adverse outcomes.
- High resistance to first-line anti-TB agents and quinolones was confirmed by DST.
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