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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...

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Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels
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Beating-heart mitral valve chordal replacement.

Genevieve Laing1, Pierre E Dupont

  • 1Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. glaing@bu.edu

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
|January 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel tool for mitral valve chordae replacement on a beating heart, utilizing adjustable NiTi anchors to correct regurgitation effectively.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Beating-heart interventions reduce surgical trauma compared to open-heart procedures.
  • Mitral valve repair on a beating heart presents significant technical challenges.
  • Chordal rupture or elongation causes mitral regurgitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel tool for mitral valve chordae replacement.
  • To address the challenges of valve repair during beating-heart interventions.
  • To correct mitral regurgitation using adjustable chordae length.

Main Methods:

  • A new tool was designed for mitral valve chordae replacement.
  • Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) tissue anchors with internal adjustment mechanisms were employed.
  • Anchors secured chordae to the papillary muscle and leaflet.
  • The tool's efficacy was tested using an ex-vivo heart simulator.

Main Results:

  • The proposed tool successfully replaced mitral valve chordae.
  • Adjustable NiTi anchors allowed for precise chordae length modification.
  • The intervention demonstrated a reduction in mitral regurgitation.
  • Successful ex-vivo testing validated the tool's performance.

Conclusions:

  • The developed tool offers a viable solution for mitral valve chordae replacement during beating-heart surgery.
  • Adjustable NiTi anchors provide crucial length control for effective regurgitation correction.
  • This innovation has the potential to improve outcomes for patients undergoing mitral valve repair.