Intrinsic predictive factors for ankle sprain in active university students: a prospective study

Area of Science:

• Sports Medicine
• Biomechanics
• Injury Prevention

Background:

• Ankle sprains are the most common sports-related injuries.
• Identifying intrinsic risk factors is crucial for effective prevention strategies in active populations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate intrinsic factors that predict the occurrence of ankle sprains in active students.
• To determine the strongest predictive factors for recurrent ankle sprains.

Main Methods:

• A prospective cohort study followed 125 active students for 52 weeks.
• Baseline assessments included the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool, foot lift test, dorsiflexion range of motion, Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), side recognition task, BMI, and injury history.
• Cox regression analysis was used to identify predictive factors.

Main Results:

• A history of previous ankle sprains was a significant predictor (HR 2.21, 95% CI 1.07-4.57).
• Improved performance on the SEBT postero-lateral (PL) direction reduced the likelihood of sprains (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.92-0.99).
• Previous sprain history emerged as the strongest predictive factor.

Conclusions:

• Previous ankle sprains are a strong predictor of future injuries.
• Balance deficits, specifically on the SEBT PL, are also predictive of ankle sprains.
• These findings can inform targeted injury prevention programs for athletes.