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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction01:26

Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction

Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and long-term...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...

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Updated: May 25, 2026

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)
08:13

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)

Published on: January 7, 2018

The worldwide diabetes epidemic.

David W Lam1, Derek LeRoith

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029–6574, USA.

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity
|January 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The global diabetes epidemic is rising, especially in Asia, challenging traditional risk factors like BMI. Lifestyle interventions show promise across diverse populations, highlighting the need for further research into ethnic-specific factors.

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Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)
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Studying Diabetes Through the Eyes of a Fish: Microdissection, Visualization, and Analysis of the Adult tg(fli:EGFP) Zebrafish Retinal Vasculature
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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus, once considered a Western disease, is now a growing global epidemic.
  • The increasing prevalence in Asia highlights the limitations of traditional risk factor assessment.
  • Understanding the disease's heterogeneity is crucial for effective global health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the global diabetes epidemic.
  • To examine the impact of the epidemic on the understanding of diabetes.
  • To discuss implications for public health policy and clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current epidemiological data on diabetes prevalence worldwide.
  • Analysis of anthropometric and genetic studies to assess disease heterogeneity.
  • Evaluation of treatment effectiveness, focusing on lifestyle interventions.

Main Results:

  • Diabetes prevalence is rapidly increasing globally, with a notable rise in Asia.
  • Established risk factors like Body Mass Index (BMI) may not be universally applicable.
  • Genetic and anthropometric studies confirm significant heterogeneity in diabetes presentation.
  • Lifestyle interventions demonstrate positive, non-ethnic-specific effects on diabetes management.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes poses a significant and growing public health challenge with substantial socioeconomic impact.
  • Further population studies are needed to identify ethnic-specific risk factors.
  • Research into ethnic-specific factors will enhance understanding and inform targeted interventions.