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Updated: May 25, 2026

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies
Published on: January 10, 2025
Decreased gonadotropin requirements in once daily compared to twice daily administration: a prospective, randomized
Fady I Sharara1, Michael G Collins, Galal Abdo
1Virginia Center for Reproductive Medicine, Reston, VA 20190, USA. fsharara@aol.com
Objective:
Despite the lack of any scientific data, many ART programs split the daily gonadotropin dose during ovarian stimulation, while others give the entire dose during a single administration, usually at night.
Design:
Prospective randomized.
Patient(S):
213 women undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles at a single private ART center.
Intervention(S):
Gonadotropin administration once daily compared to twice daily.
Main Outcome Measure(S):
Gonadotropin usage, clinical and ongoing PR RESULTS: There were 110 women in the once daily compared to 103 in the twice daily arm. All cycles were blastocyst transfers. There was a significantly lower FSH use in the once daily arm compared to the twice daily arm (1507.5 ± 517.5 IU vs. 1702.5 ± 622.5, P = 0.015), and a trend towards lower hMG use in the once daily arm (1342.5 ± 562.5 IU vs. 1462.5 ± 645.0, P = 0.15), without compromising clinical pregnancy rate (PR) (71.8% vs. 70.9%, P = NS) or delivery/ongoing PR (58.2% vs. 62.1%, P = NS). There were no differences in age, body mass index (BMI), peak estradiol, peak progesterone, retrieved oocytes, fertilized oocytes, number of ET, or PR.
Conclusions:
Once daily administration is associated with lower gonadotropin usage without compromising success rates.
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