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Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure to...

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The dynamic nitric oxide pattern in developing cuttlefish Sepia officinalis.

Teresa Mattiello1, Maria Costantini, Bruna Di Matteo

  • 1Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy.

Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists
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PubMed
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Nitric oxide (NO) and its synthase (NOS) are crucial for cuttlefish development. Their expression patterns reveal roles in neural and organ development, sensory cell maintenance, and organ function.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) is vital for biological processes in metazoans.
  • In Sepia officinalis, NO is key for defense and neurotransmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate NO, NO synthase (NOS), and their transcript levels during Sepia officinalis development.
  • To map the spatial and temporal expression patterns of NO and NOS.

Main Methods:

  • Detection of NO and NOS.
  • Real-time PCR for NOS transcript levels.
  • Analysis of spatial and temporal expression during development.

Main Results:

  • NO and NOS were detected for the first time during cuttlefish development.
  • Expression patterns were dynamic, starting in organogenesis (ganglia, epithelia, sensory cells).
  • Later stages showed NO and NOS in organs like Hoyle organ, gills, and suckers, with peak NOS expression at stage 26.

Conclusions:

  • NO is involved in Sepia officinalis development.
  • NO plays roles in neural and non-neural structure differentiation.
  • NO is important for ciliary beating, sensory cell maintenance, and organ function.