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Chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) significantly reduces brain shear elasticity and alters mechanical network geometry. Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) reveals these changes, offering insights into neuroinflammation.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Neuroimaging
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Viscoelastic properties reflect subtle, multi-scale tissue alterations.
  • Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) quantifies in vivo biomechanical tissue properties.
  • Previous MRE studies indicated reduced brain mechanical integrity in early multiple sclerosis (MS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate MRE and MR volumetry in chronic-progressive MS.
  • To compare viscoelastic parameters in chronic-progressive MS patients with healthy controls.
  • To correlate biomechanical findings with clinical data and brain volume.

Main Methods:

  • Multifrequency MRE was used to determine brain parenchyma viscoelastic parameters (shear elasticity μ, powerlaw exponent α) in 23 chronic-progressive MS patients and 38 healthy controls.
  • The springpot model was applied to deduce viscoelastic parameters.
  • Results were correlated with clinical data, T2 lesion load, and brain volume.

Main Results:

  • Chronic-progressive MS patients exhibited a significant 20.5% reduction in shear elasticity (μ) and a 6.1% decrease in the powerlaw exponent (α) compared to controls (P<0.001).
  • Brain volumetry showed a weaker correlation, with total brain volume loss of 7.5% (or 1.7% parenchymal fraction).
  • All findings were statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic-progressive MS demonstrates a more pronounced reduction in cerebral shear elasticity than early relapsing-remitting MS.
  • The decrease in the powerlaw exponent (α) specifically in the chronic-progressive stage suggests altered cerebral mechanical network geometry due to chronic neuroinflammation.