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Updated: May 25, 2026

Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle
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Atomically localized plasmon enhancement in monolayer graphene.

Wu Zhou1, Jaekwang Lee, Jagjit Nanda

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA. wu.zhou@vanderbilt.edu

Nature Nanotechnology
|January 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Single atomic defects in graphene act as tiny antennas, creating localized surface plasmon resonances at the subnanometer scale. This finding pushes the boundaries of plasmonics and opens new avenues for optoelectronics.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Graphene plasmons are tunable via electrostatic gating or chemical doping.
  • Confining plasmons to small regions has potential applications in optoelectronics and plasmonics.
  • The influence of atomic-scale defects on graphene plasmonics remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of atomic-scale defects on plasmonic properties in graphene.
  • To explore the possibility of achieving localized surface plasmon resonances at the subnanometer scale.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electron energy-loss spectrum imaging.
  • Employed an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope.
  • Analyzed the plasmonic behavior around atomic point defects in graphene.

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Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Functionalization of Hybrid Au/CdS and Au/ZnS Core/Shell Nanoparticles
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Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that single point defects in graphene can locally enhance surface plasmon resonances.
  • Observed subnanometer-scale surface plasmon resonances, significantly smaller than previously reported.
  • Identified single point defects acting as atomic antennas in the petahertz frequency range.

Conclusions:

  • Atomic defects can serve as nanoscale antennas, enabling unprecedented localization of plasmons in graphene.
  • This work significantly advances the understanding of plasmon confinement and opens possibilities for novel nanoscale optoelectronic devices.