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Published on: July 28, 2016
Myeloperoxidase deficiency in dogs observed with the ADVIA®120. A retrospective study
S Klenner1, J Richartz, N Bauer
1Dr. Stefanie Klenner, Resident ECVCP, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Clinical Pathology and Clinical Pathophysiology, Justus-Liebig-University, Frankfurter Strasse 126, 35392 Giessen, Germany,
Objective:
In contrast to humans, neutrophil myeloperoxidase deficiency (MPOD) has been rarely investigated in dogs. The hematology analyzer ADVIA®120 differentiates leukocytes based on the cellular volume and their myeloperoxidase concentration. The aim of this study was the characterization of myeloperoxidase deficiency in dogs and the evaluation of the diagnostic use of the ADVIA®120 Myeloperoxidase Index (MPXI).
Material And Methods:
ADVIA® peroxidase scatter plots indicative of MPOD were reviewed. Severity of MPOD was classified semiquantitatively in three groups (MPOD grade1-3): MPOD grade1 (MPOD-1): neutrophils showing an abnormal shift of the population, <25% extending in the monocyte cluster and therefore misclassified, MPOD-2: ~25-50% of neutrophils misclassified, MPOD-3: 50-100% of the neutrophils misclassified due to their location in the monocyte cluster. Sex, age, and breed of the dogs as well as diagnosis, and MPXI were recorded.
Results:
29 dogs (nine females and 20 males belonging to 23 breeds) with 38 analyses consistent with MPOD were found. Diseases were characterized by severe leukocyte consumption and included mainly parvovirosis (8/29), DIC/sepsis (3/29), pyometra, pyothorax, pneumonia, pancreatic abscess, and cystitis. A significantly lower mean MPXI in MPOD-3 was present in comparison to the mean MPXI of MPOD-1 (p<0.05), however, there was a great overlap between the groups.
Conclusion:
Diseases associated with neutrophil consumption may show an acquired MPOD in dogs. High standard deviation limits the diagnostic use of the MPXI for detection of MPOD.
Clinical Relevance:
The ADVIA®120 cytograms are a good screening tool for detection of MPOD in dogs, but the use of the MPXI is impaired in this species.
Insights
Neutrophil myeloperoxidase deficiency (MPOD) in dogs is often acquired and linked to severe diseases. While ADVIA®120 cytograms can screen for MPOD, the myeloperoxidase index (MPXI) has limited diagnostic value in this species.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Hematology
- Canine Pathology
Background:
- Neutrophil myeloperoxidase deficiency (MPOD) is rarely studied in dogs compared to humans.
- The ADVIA®120 hematology analyzer differentiates leukocytes by volume and myeloperoxidase concentration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize MPOD in dogs.
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility of the ADVIA®120 Myeloperoxidase Index (MPXI) for MPOD detection.
Main Methods:
- Review of ADVIA® peroxidase scatter plots for MPOD indicators.
- Semiquantitative classification of MPOD severity (grades 1-3) based on neutrophil misclassification.
- Recording of dog demographics, diagnoses, and MPXI values.
Main Results:
- 38 analyses from 29 dogs (23 breeds) showed indicators of MPOD.
- Associated diseases involved severe leukocyte consumption, including parvovirosis and DIC/sepsis.
- A lower mean MPXI was observed in MPOD grade 3 compared to grade 1, but with significant overlap.
Conclusions:
- Acquired MPOD in dogs is associated with conditions causing neutrophil consumption.
- The ADVIA®120 cytograms serve as a useful screening tool for canine MPOD.
- The diagnostic accuracy of MPXI for MPOD in dogs is limited due to high variability.
