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Related Concept Videos

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography01:18

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) provides a beneficial substitute for gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) for certain samples because it merges the top attributes of both techniques. SFC allows the separation and analysis of compounds that GC or LC does not easily manage. These compounds are traditionally nonvolatile or thermally unstable, making GC unsuitable and lacking functional groups required for HPLC analysis.
SFC utilizes a supercritical fluid mobile phase,...
Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent – the...
Accelerating Fluids01:17

Accelerating Fluids

When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
Bioavailability Enhancement: Determination and Conceptual Approaches in Overcoming Bioavailability Problems01:22

Bioavailability Enhancement: Determination and Conceptual Approaches in Overcoming Bioavailability Problems

Bioavailability is a critical pharmacological concept that measures the extent and rate at which an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety enters the systemic circulation, remaining unchanged. It's a pivotal factor in determining a drug's efficacy and safety.The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) plays an essential role in drug development by categorizing drugs into four classes based on their solubility and permeability. This classification aids in understanding drug absorption...
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
Sublimation01:03

Sublimation

Sublimation is the direct transformation of a solid to a gaseous state. For instance, at standard pressure and room temperature, solid carbon dioxide sublimes to gaseous carbon dioxide. The phase diagram depicts the conditions required for sublimation. This process occurs at the solid-gas phase boundary and is not observed above the triple point of the substance. The reverse of sublimation is called deposition, where a gaseous substance condenses directly into a solid. Sublimation and...

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Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials
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Supercritical fluid technology: concepts and pharmaceutical applications.

Praful Balavant Deshpande1, G Aravind Kumar, Averineni Ranjith Kumar

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
|February 2, 2012
PubMed
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Supercritical fluid technology (SFT) offers green solutions for drug delivery, utilizing carbon dioxide (CO2) as an eco-friendly solvent. This versatile technology addresses complex pharmaceutical challenges, enhancing processes like particle design and drug solubilization.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Technology
  • Green Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Environmental concerns drive the need for sustainable pharmaceutical manufacturing processes.
  • Supercritical fluid technology (SFT) presents a viable eco-friendly alternative to conventional chemical solvents.
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) in its supercritical state offers unique solvent properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging applications of SFT in the pharmaceutical and drug delivery sectors.
  • To highlight the advantages of SFT as a green technology.
  • To discuss the future opportunities for SFT in pharmaceutical production.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on SFT in drug delivery systems.
  • Analysis of SFT techniques including particle design, drug solubilization, and extraction.
  • Exploration of SFT's role in polymer impregnation and polymorphism.

Main Results:

  • SFT, particularly using CO2, is recognized as a green technology for pharmaceutical applications.
  • Supercritical fluids exhibit tunable properties (liquid-like density, gas-like diffusivity) beneficial for various processes.
  • SFT provides effective solutions for particle design, drug solubilization, and impurity removal.

Conclusions:

  • SFT is a versatile and environmentally attractive technology for addressing complex pharmaceutical challenges.
  • It offers significant opportunities to replace conventional unit operations in pharmaceutical production.
  • The adoption of SFT is crucial for advancing sustainable drug delivery systems.