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Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves01:17

Standing Waves

Sometimes waves do not seem to move; rather, they just vibrate in place. Unmoving waves can be seen on the surface of a glass of milk kept in a refrigerator, which is one example of standing waves. Vibrations from the refrigerator motor create waves on the milk that oscillate up and down but do not seem to move across the surface. These waves are formed or created by the superposition of two or more identical moving waves in opposite directions. The waves move through each other, with their...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
Reflection of Waves01:07

Reflection of Waves

When a wave travels from one medium to another, it gets reflected at the boundary of the second medium. A common example of this is when a person yells at a distance from a cliff and hears the echo of their voice. The sound waves (longitudinal waves) traveling in the air are reflected from the bounding cliff. Similarly, flipping one end of a string whose other end is tied to a wall causes a pulse (transverse wave) to travel through the string, which gets reflected upon reaching the wall. In...
Travelling Waves01:04

Travelling Waves

A wave is a disturbance that propagates from its source, repeating itself periodically, and is typically associated with simple harmonic motion. Mechanical waves are governed by Newton's laws and require a medium to travel. A medium is a substance in which a mechanical wave propagates, and the medium produces an elastic restoring force when it is deformed.
Water waves, sound waves, and seismic waves are some examples of mechanical waves. For water waves, the wave propagation medium is water;...
Bending01:10

Bending

Pure bending is a fundamental concept in structural mechanics, essential for understanding how materials deform under symmetrical loads without direct forces. Pure bending occurs when prismatic members, such as beams, are subjected to equal and opposite moments that induce bending. The phenomenon is crucial as it allows for predicting stress distributions without the influence of axial or shear forces.
In pure bending, the bending stress in a beam is calculated based on the bending moment and...

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Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
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Bending waves in crumpled sheets.

G Seizilles1, E Bayart, M Adda-Bedia

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, UPMC Paris 06, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|February 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wave propagation in crumpled aluminum foils reveals distinct dispersion relations. These findings characterize sample structure and geometric rigidity in disordered media.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics of disordered media
  • Wave propagation phenomena
  • Materials science characterization

Background:

  • Crumpled paper serves as a model for disordered media.
  • Understanding wave behavior in such complex structures is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To probe aluminum foils crumpled into balls and cylinders using wave propagation.
  • To analyze the dispersion relations and wave propagation characteristics in these disordered samples.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental wave propagation measurements on hand-crumpled and container-confined aluminum foils.
  • Analysis of raw dispersion relations to identify wave modes and effective path lengths.

Main Results:

  • Observed sample-to-sample variations in dispersion relations.
  • Identified slow bending waves and a fast propagation mode.
  • Effective path lengths differed between spherical and cylindrical crumpled foils.

Conclusions:

  • Wave propagation can effectively characterize the structure and geometric rigidity of crumpled materials.
  • The study highlights distinct propagation behaviors in different crumpled geometries.