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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body being...
Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
The Pituitary Gland01:17

The Pituitary Gland

The pituitary is a small endocrine organ in the sphenoid bone under the hypothalamus. Primarily, the pituitary in adults has two distinct anatomical and functional regions— the anterior and posterior lobes. During human fetal development, a third pituitary gland region called the pars intermedia atrophies and disappears. However, some of its cells migrate and exist adjacent to the anterior pituitary in adults.
Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
07:43

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

Advances in pituitary imaging technology and future prospects.

Sachit Shah1, Adam D Waldman, Amrish Mehta

  • 1Department of Imaging, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust & Imperial College, London, UK.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
|February 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Pituitary imaging has advanced significantly, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) becoming the preferred method. Further research is needed for advanced techniques and biomarkers, but intraoperative MRI shows promise for surgical outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Significant advancements in pituitary imaging over the past 50 years.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the current gold standard for visualizing the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution and current state of pituitary imaging techniques.
  • To highlight emerging technologies and their potential impact on diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies, including 3 Tesla MRI.
  • Discussion of advanced imaging biomarkers and intraoperative MRI.
  • Analysis of the role of imaging in detecting and managing incidental pituitary lesions.

Main Results:

  • MRI provides high-quality images of the pituitary and surrounding structures.
  • 3 Tesla MRI is increasingly integrated into clinical practice.
  • Intraoperative MRI demonstrates potential for improving pituitary surgery outcomes.
  • Advanced imaging biomarkers require further research to define their clinical utility.

Conclusions:

  • Modern pituitary imaging, particularly MRI, has greatly improved diagnostic capabilities.
  • Emerging technologies like intraoperative MRI offer future potential for enhanced surgical precision.
  • Continued research into advanced imaging biomarkers is crucial for optimizing pituitary lesion management.