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Epigenetics mediate environment : gene effects on occupational sensitization.

Karin A Pacheco¹

¹Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA. pachecok@njhealth.org

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology

|February 7, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic modifications influence gene expression, impacting allergic disease development. Occupational exposures can alter these epigenetic patterns, potentially increasing allergy risks.

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Area of Science:

Environmental epigenetics
Occupational allergy
Gene expression regulation

Background:

Epigenetics studies stable genome modifications controlling gene expression.
Epigenetic changes link environmental exposures to gene activity.
Understanding occupational exposures' role in allergic disease is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

Review how epigenetic changes affect gene transcription potential.
Examine environmental and occupational exposures' impact on epigenetic variations.
Investigate epigenetic alterations in allergy gene transcripts and inflammation.

Main Methods:

Review of epigenetic mechanisms controlling gene transcription.
Analysis of environmental and occupational exposures.
Examination of effects on immune cell phenotypes (Th1, Th2, Treg).

Main Results:

Demethylation and acetylation activate transcription; methylation and deacetylation silence it.
Epigenetic mechanisms modulate T-helper cell differentiation and regulatory T cell expression.
Workplace exposures (e.g., tobacco smoke, diesel exhaust) suppress Treg development and enhance allergic inflammation via epigenetic pathways.

Conclusions:

Epigenetic plasticity allows gene expression adaptation to environmental cues.
Targeted environmental interventions may reduce workplace-related allergic diseases.