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DSM-III personality disorder dimensions.

M Zimmerman1, W H Coryell

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City.

The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
|November 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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This study examined personality disorder (PD) dimensions in relatives of psychiatric patients. Findings revealed distinct PD clusters and gender differences, with Axis I disorders linked to increased Axis II pathology.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Personality disorders (PDs) are complex mental health conditions.
  • Understanding PD dimensions and their correlates is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Previous research suggests clustering of PDs, but dimensional analyses offer finer granularity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compute dimensional scores for all 11 DSM-III personality disorders.
  • To explore the factor structure of PD dimensions.
  • To investigate demographic (gender, age) and clinical (Axis I disorders) correlates of PD dimensions.

Main Methods:

  • Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorders administered to 797 individuals (relatives of psychiatric patients and controls).
  • Principal components analysis with varimax rotation used to identify underlying factors of PD dimensions.

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  • Correlational analyses examined associations with gender, age, and Axis I disorders.

    • Main Results:

    • PD dimension scores were right-skewed.
    • Three factors emerged, aligning with DSM-III's eccentric, dramatic, and anxious PD clusters.
    • Men showed higher scores on paranoid, schizoid, compulsive, antisocial, and narcissistic dimensions; women on histrionic, dependent, and avoidant.
    • Age was negatively correlated with most PD dimensions, particularly cluster 2 PDs.
    • All examined Axis I disorders were associated with increased Axis II pathology.

    Conclusions:

    • Dimensional assessment of personality disorders reveals a robust three-factor structure.
    • Significant gender differences exist in specific personality disorder dimensions.
    • Comorbidity between Axis I and Axis II disorders is substantial, highlighting the need for integrated treatment approaches.