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Live Imaging Followed by Single Cell Tracking to Monitor Cell Biology and the Lineage Progression of Multiple Neural Populations

Live Imaging Followed by Single Cell Tracking to Monitor Cell Biology and the Lineage Progression of Multiple Neural Populations

Published on: December 16, 2017

The thread-protective cell, a new cell performing multiple tasks.

L Dănăilă¹, V Păiş

¹"National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases" Bucharest, Romania. leondanaila@neuroch.info

Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)

|February 8, 2012

Summary

Researchers discovered a new brain cell, the cordocit-protectocit (thread-protective cell), crucial for protecting brain tissue from damage, particularly hemorrhage. This cell, found in the pia mater, also regulates neuroblast migration, with implications for preventing epilepsy.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cell Biology
Cerebral Pathophysiology

Background:

Cerebral atherosclerosis research initiated the discovery of a novel cell type.
The cell was first identified in 1986 during studies on cerebral atherosclerosis.
Initial findings were published in congresses and atlases from 2006 to 2011.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize a newly discovered cerebral cell.
To elucidate the function of this cell in brain protection and development.
To explore the cell's role in neuronal migration disorders and potential links to epilepsy.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 1176 biopsies from neurosurgery patients using electron microscopy.
Morphological and functional characterization of the newly identified cell.
Investigation of cellular interactions and chemotactic signaling in the brain.

Main Results:

Discovery of the cordocit-protectocit (thread-protective cell), characterized by a belt-like morphology and protective function.
Identification of these cells within the pia mater, where they inhibit neuroblast migration.
Correlation between insufficient chemotactants and neuronal migration disorders like subcortical heterotopias, potentially leading to epilepsy.
Established similarity between these cerebral cells and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in internal organs.

Conclusions:

The cordocit-protectocit is a novel brain cell with a critical protective role, especially against hemorrhage.
The pia mater's composition of these cells influences neuroblast migration and brain development.
Dysregulation of these cells contributes to neuronal migration disorders and epilepsy.
The pia mater should be viewed from a cytodynamic perspective, with potential parallels to interstitial cells of Cajal.