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Seasonal variation in types of stroke and its common risk factors

A H Miah1, S R Sutradhar, S Ahmed

  • 1Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Mymensingh Medical Journal : MMJ
|February 9, 2012
PubMed

Insights

This study found seasonal variations in stroke types, with ischemic stroke more common in summer and hemorrhagic stroke in winter. Hypertension was the leading risk factor for stroke.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Stroke, a leading cause of death and disability, exhibits variations in incidence and type influenced by environmental factors.
  • Understanding seasonal patterns of stroke subtypes and their associated risk factors is crucial for targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate seasonal variations in the incidence of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
  • To identify common stroke risk factors and their distribution across seasons and stroke types.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted over one year (November 2009-October 2010) at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh.
  • 292 acute stroke patients confirmed by CT scan were analyzed for stroke type, risk factors, and seasonal occurrence.
  • Data collection involved detailed patient history, clinical examinations, and relevant investigations.

Main Results:

  • Ischemic stroke was more frequent during summer (62.4%) compared to winter (37.8%).
  • Hemorrhagic stroke showed a higher incidence during winter (62.2%) versus summer (37.6%).
  • Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor, significantly higher in hemorrhagic stroke patients. Other factors included age, smoking, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.

Conclusions:

  • Seasonal variations significantly influence the type of stroke, with distinct patterns for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
  • Hypertension is a critical risk factor, particularly for hemorrhagic stroke, underscoring the need for its effective management.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering seasonal factors in stroke prevention and management strategies.

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