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[Fibromyalgia and sleep: a review].
1Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgende las Nieves, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España.
Revista De Neurologia
|February 9, 2012
Summary
Sleep disturbances are integral to fibromyalgia (FM), acting as both a cause and consequence. While improving sleep aids FM symptoms, effective treatments are limited, with cognitive-behavioral therapy and aerobic exercise showing promise.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Sleep Medicine
- Psychoneuroimmunology
Background:
- Sleep is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in fibromyalgia (FM) assessment.
- Limited comprehensive reviews exist on the physiopathological, psychosocial, and therapeutic aspects of sleep in FM.
- The American College of Rheumatology now emphasizes sleep in clinical FM evaluations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the physiopathological, psychosocial, and therapeutic aspects of the relationship between sleep and fibromyalgia.
- To synthesize current research on sleep disturbances in fibromyalgia.
- To identify effective management strategies for sleep issues in FM.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive bibliographic search was conducted on Scopus and OVID (Medline, PsychINFO, Ovid Nursing Database).
- Search terms included 'fibromyalgia' and 'sleep' from January 1, 1990, to August 31, 2011.
- 112 relevant records were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria.
Main Results:
- Research highlights complex interactions between sleep disturbances, neuroendocrine and immune abnormalities, and FM symptoms.
- Sleep disturbances are implicated as both a cause and a consequence of fibromyalgia.
- Sleep improvement can alleviate various fibromyalgia symptoms, but effective pharmacological options are scarce and have drawbacks.
Conclusions:
- The understanding of sleep's role in fibromyalgia is advancing, supported by biopsychosocial models.
- Non-pharmacological therapies, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy and aerobic exercise, show promising results for managing sleep disturbances in FM.
- Further research is needed to evaluate the comparative advantages and cost-effectiveness of different treatment modalities.
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