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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

$Synthesis and Operation of Fluorescent-core Microcavities for Refractometric Sensing$

Synthesis and Operation of Fluorescent-core Microcavities for Refractometric Sensing

Published on: March 13, 2013

Optical microcavity: sensing down to single molecules and atoms.

Tomoyuki Yoshie¹, Lingling Tang, Shu-Yu Su

¹Electrical and Computer Engineering, Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. yoshie@duke.edu

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|February 10, 2012

Summary

Optical micro-resonator sensors detect minute sample amounts by altering resonance frequency and quality (Q) factor. These sensors offer high sensitivity for single-molecule detection and future quantum optics applications.

Keywords:

absorption sensing cavity QED index sensing microcavity photonic crystal quality factor single atom single molecule surface Bloch mode whispering gallery mode

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Area of Science:

Photonics and Sensing Technology
Quantum Optics

Background:

Dielectric, low-loss optical micro-resonators are crucial for sensitive detection.
Resonance frequency and quality (Q) factor shifts indicate small perturbations.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the fundamentals of optical micro-resonator sensing.
To discuss microcavity designs, figures of merit, and future perspectives.
To highlight key parameters for effective optical sensing applications.

Main Methods:

Analysis of essential parameters: sensitivity, Q factor, minimum detectable index change, noise, microcavity size, and mode volume.
Review of microcavity designs: whispering gallery mode, photonic crystal, and slot-type.
Exploration of Surface Bloch modes and microcavity quantum electrodynamics (QED).

Main Results:

Whispering gallery, photonic crystal, and slot-type microcavities provide compact, high-Q optical resonance modes.
Surface Bloch modes on photonic crystals offer large field overlap and ultra-high-Q resonances.
Quantum optics effects enable single-photo-level detection of single atoms/molecules via vacuum Rabi splitting.

Conclusions:

Optical micro-resonator sensing is a powerful technique for detecting trace amounts of analytes, down to single molecules.
Advanced designs like photonic crystals and quantum effects promise enhanced sensitivity and novel detection capabilities.