[Antibacterial activity of local anesthetics]

In order to study the antibacterial activity of local anesthetics quantitatively, we procured their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), killing curves and postantibiotic effect (PAE), using the standard colony of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 10490. Both bupivacaine and lidocaine had bactericidal activity at a clinical concentration. MIC of the former was lower than that of the latter, and it means that bupivacaine has a greater antibacterial activity than lidocaine. At the same concentration, the commercial solutions, such as Xylocaine and Marcain, which contain preservatives, showed a greater antibacterial activity than the pure anesthetic solutions which contain no preservatives. However, the preservatives had no bactericidal activity, but weak bacteriostatic activity.