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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
Ovaries01:26

Ovaries

The ovaries are roughly the size of almonds and measure approximately 2 to 3 centimeters in length. These paired structures are situated within the pelvic region and are anchored by the mesovarium—a peritoneal extension that also connects them to the wider structure of the broad ligament. The support system extends to the suspensory ligament, housing blood and lymphatic vessels. In addition, the ovarian ligament tethers the ovaries to the uterus.
On the ovarian surface, a layer of cuboidal...
Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle length...

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Updated: May 25, 2026

Transplantation Into the Mouse Ovarian Fat Pad
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Published on: September 7, 2016

Borderline ovarian tumours.

Claes Göran Tropé1, Janne Kaern, Ben Davidson

  • 1Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway. c.g.trope@medisin.uio.no

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|February 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fertility-sparing surgery for borderline ovarian tumors offers a nearly 50% pregnancy rate but increases recurrence risk. Careful patient selection and close follow-up are crucial for gynecologic oncologic management.

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Reproductive Endocrinology

Background:

  • Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) represent 10-20% of epithelial ovarian cancers.
  • A significant proportion (one-third) are diagnosed in women under 40, necessitating fertility preservation considerations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on fertility-sparing surgery for BOTs.
  • To discuss gynecologic oncologic concerns and consequences of these conservative surgical approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recently published studies.
  • Discussion of clinical management and oncologic outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Fertility-sparing surgery for BOTs yields a nearly 50% pregnancy rate, often achieved spontaneously.
  • This approach increases recurrence rates without impacting overall survival.
  • Fertility drugs are well-tolerated post-surgery in selected patients.

Conclusions:

  • Fertility-sparing surgery is a viable option for select young women with BOTs.
  • Close patient follow-up and careful oncologic assessment are essential.
  • The balance between fertility preservation and oncologic safety requires ongoing evaluation.